DMT Final Exam (NIGERIA) 12-01-2024 Quiz

Please sign up for the course before taking this quiz.

1. Symptoms of CNS oxygen toxicity include;
1

GAS TOXICITY
- A persistent cough with sub-sternal burning
- Tinnitus, tunnel vision, nausea and convulsions.
- The casualty appear intoxicated
- Diarrhoea and vomiting
2. A strong smell of rotten eggs that disappears quickly whilst well head diving is of no concern.
1

GAS TOXICITY
- These are all potential stroke symptoms.
- These are all potential CO poisoning symptoms.
- These are all potential CO₂ poisoning symptoms.
- These are all potential H₂S symptoms.
3. Finger tingling may be symptoms of hyperventilation
1

DMT Immediate Care
- This is more likely to be DCI
- Low CO₂ & Calcium levels can cause these symptoms.
- This is potentially CO₂ toxicity
- This is potentially H₂S toxicity
4. What is the correct Ratio for CPR.
1

Intermediate Life Support
- Hands only CPR is now preferred
- 15 compressions to 1 breath is the correct Ratio for CPR.
- 30 compressions to 2 breaths is the correct Ratio for CPR.
- 30 compressions to 5 breaths is the correct Ratio for CPR.
5. How long is it safe to administer oxygen for ?
1

Oxygen Therapy
- It is safe to give 100% O₂ for 36 hrs if the patient is at the surface.
- 0.6 bar for greater than 24hrs will exceed UPTD limits
- It is safe to give 100% O₂ for 24 hrs if the patient is at the surface.
- 0.4 bar for greater than 18 hrs will exceed UPTD limits.
6. When should a B.M.V. (Bag & Mask Valve) be used ?
1

Oxygen Therapy
- Should only be used when the casualty is NOT breathing
- A B.M.V. (Bag & Mask Valve) is inappropriate if a casualty has 18 breaths per minute.
- A B.M.V. (Bag & Mask Valve) is appropriate if a casualty has 40 breaths per minute.
- A B.M.V. (Bag & Mask Valve) is appropriate if a casualty has 6 breaths per minute.
7. Is it safe to use the iGEL airway in a Hyperbaric environment.
1

AIRWAY CARE
- Yes. However, silicone based lubricant must be used
- No. The LMA (Laryngeal Mask Airway) is preferred.
- Yes. Its the preferred Supraglotal Airway.
- With caution. The iGEL is subject to the effects of Dalton's law.
8. The iGEL is a popular choice in pre-hospital emergency care. Which of these statement is correct:
1

AIRWAY CARE
- The iGEL can be placed without the need for sedation or anaesthesia.
- The iGEL is the airway of choice if the casualty has inhaled hot gasses
- The iGEL can be maintained for ≥ 48 hours
- Caution is needed. The casualty can still aspirate gastric content even when the iGEL is correctly placed.
9. Why is Pre-oxygenation used prior to intubation ?
1

AIRWAY CARE
- The patient is profoundly hypoxic during the intubation process. Pre-oxygenation increases metabolic oxygen reserves.
- To relax the larynx
- To give the AIRWAY Team Member time to prepare
- It has a sedation effect
10. Is sedation always necessary when intubating a casualty ?
1

AIRWAY CARE
- Practically never
- Most casualty’s do not need to be sedated prior to intubation.
- The only casualty you can intubate without drugs is the dead casualty (GCS 3)
- Yes
11. What is the correct procedure for administering an Intra-Muscular Injection ?
1

INJECTIONS
- Sterilise, Select correct area, apply traction to achieve Z track, Insert needle (23g / 21g), aspirate (abandon if flashback), Inject & release traction, Remove, dispose in sharps bin.
- Sterilise, Select correct area, apply traction to achieve x track, Insert needle (25g), aspirate (abandon if flashback), Inject & release traction, Remove, dispose in sharps bin.
- Sterilise, Select correct area, apply traction to achieve Z track, Insert needle (21g), Inject & release traction, Remove.
- Sterilise, Select correct area, Insert needle (21g), aspirate, Inject & release traction, Remove, dispose in sharps bin.
12. The management of a compressible bleed is:
1

HAEMORRHAGE CONTROL
- Raise limb, apply direct pressure with a dressing or gauze, for a maximum of 3 minutes, bandage when bleeding has stopped.
- Raise limb, apply direct pressure (at least 150mmHg) with a dressing or gauze, for a minimum of 3 minutes, bandage when bleeding has stopped.
- Raise limb, apply indirect pressure. Place a field dressing on, bandage. If bleed through, apply another bandage onto of primary dressing.
- Raise limb, apply direct pressure with a dressing or gauze. If bleeding has not stopped after 1 minute apply an arterial tourniquet
13. What is the appearance of an arterial bleed ?
1

HAEMORRHAGE CONTROL
- Dark red and gushes
- Red and slight
- Dark red and oozes
- Bright red & spurts in time with the heart rate.
14. The casualty has a catastrophic large limb haemorrhage
1

HAEMORRHAGE CONTROL
- Apply a CAT Tourniquet. Release pressure every 20 minutes.
- Only trained medical staff (Doctors / nurses / paramedics) are allowed to use a C.A.T. tourniquet.
- Rapidly apply a CAT Tourniquet and seek medical help
- Elevate. Apply a pressure bandage for a minimum of 3 minutes apply tourniquet if the patient still has blood
15. What is most likely to kill a casualty ?
1

ATLS
- A GCS of 4
- A respiratory rate of 8 BPM
- A heart rate of 180 BPM
- A systolic B/P of 80mmHg
16. What cannula choice is most appropriate in an emergency
1

VASCULAR ACCESS
- A 18g (Green) cannula is the first choice in resuscitation.
- A 22g (blue) cannula is the first choice in resuscitation.
- Two 20g (pink) cannulas are the first choice in resuscitation.
- Two 16g (Grey) cannulas are the first choice in resuscitation.
17. Who can the Fast1 I.O. Device be used on ?
1

VASCULAR ACCESS
- The Fast1 may be used on a casualty who has a cervical spinal collar.
- The Fast1 may be used on a small adult who weighs 41kg.
- The Fast1 may be used on a casualty who has had a heart attack.
- The Fast1 may be used on a casualty who has a fractured sternum.
18. Neurogenic shock may be caused by:
1

ATLS
- A spinal bend
- A viral infection
- A traumatic liver laceration
- A myocardial infarction
19. Category 3 shock will present when the casualty has lost how much blood?
1

ATLS
- 1250ml
- 1500ml
- 2000ml
- 250ml
20. An Otoscope is a useful instrument for DMTs to view ?
1
- The Ear
- The Eye
- The Nostrils
- The Throat
21. What thing might NOT cause hypovolaemic shock
1

ATLS
- Heat exhaustion
- Severe bleeding
- Severe burns
- Spinal Bend
22. If you can only view 50% of the Tympanic Membrane, it is a state of an abnormality called
1
- Excessive Cerumen
- Otitis External
- Extotoses
- Foreign body in the ear
23. Trauma is best managed by a team approach. Which of the followings is not part of the Team members
1
- Runner
- Airway
- Circulation
- Chamber Operator
24. Trauma is best managed by a team approach. Which of the followings is not part of the Team members
1
- Runner
- Airway
- Circulation
- Chamber Operator Runner
25. In a Mass Casualty Motor Vehicular Accident Scene, The unconscious patients should be tagged
1
- Black (DEAD)
- Yellow (T2)
- Green (T3)
- Red (T1) Black (DEAD)
26. In Mass Casualty Triage, anyone with a carotid pulse but without a peripheral pulse should be labeled
1
- Red (T1)
- Black (DEAD)
- Green (T3)
- Yellow (T2)
27. The most common cause of upper airway obstruction for an unconscious patient is
1
- A Foreign body
- The Tongue
- The Nose
- The Teeth
28. The most common type of DCI is:
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- Spinal
- Musculo-skeletal
- Pulmonary
- Neurological
29. As a DMT, you’re Catheterizing an adult male with a Foley’s Catheter, you should inflate the balloon with the recommended dose of 10 – 30 mls of
1
- Sterile Water
- Sea Water
- The Patients own Urine
- Air
30. What percentage of DCI symptoms present within 3 hours?
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- 4%
- 60%
- 86%
- 19%
31. What should you do if you need to use an AED on a Diver who had been submerged on Sea water?
1
- Pull the Diver out of the water, and wipe the chest.
- Do not pull the Diver out of the water, but wipe the chest.
- Do not move the Diver, and do not use the AED
- Pull the Diver out of the water, but do not use the AED
32. You are a standby diver helping in Sat Control on a DSV. You suspect a diver decompressing in the chamber from a bounce dive has a pneumothorax, would you ?
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- Give him a higher ppO₂ on BIBS
- Switch to saturation decompression
- Recompress to 50m and call the medic
- Stop decompression immediately, alert DMT and lock in DMAC 15 Kit
33. A pneumothorax is caused by :
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- Air escaping from the lungs into the surrounding tissue
- Escape of air from lungs into the bloodstream
- Escape of air from lungs into the right atrium.
- Air escaping through the lung surface and collecting in the pleural cavity
34. The Pulse Oximeter is a very useful tool to the DMT, It measures
1
- Blood Saturation level in the oxygen
- Oxygen Saturation levels in the atmospheric space of the patient
- Oxygen Saturation level in the blood
- The percentage of oxygen in the lungs
35. I-Gel is an Airway adjunct with a low failure rate. Its
1
- A No Airway adjunct
- An Intermediate Airway adjunct
- A Low Airway adjunct
- An Advanced Airway adjunct
36. Where would you place a needle to treat a tension pneumothorax?
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- 22g cannula. 2nd Intercostal Space / Clavicular line
- 18g cannula. 3rd Intercostal Space / Mid Clavicular line
- 16g cannula. 5th Intercostal Space / Mid Axillary line
- 14g cannula. 2nd Intercostal Space / Mid Clavicular line
37. In a resuscitation Team, who is responsible for the initial attempt of an E.T. intubation.
1
- Airway
- Airway Assistant
- Team Leader
- Circulation
38. The Laryngoscope is an instrument used to ease the insertion of which advanced airway adjunct?
1
- E.T. Tube
- I.O needle
- LMA
- I-Gel
39. What is barotrauma?
1

DIVING MEDICINE
- Emphysema
- Pressure related injury
- Decompression sickness
- Pneumothorax
40. The site of intra muscular injection on the gluteal muscle is the
1
- Upper inner quadrant
- Right upper quadrant
- Left Upper quadrant
- Upper outer quadrant
41. When inserting a naso-gastric tube, you should lubricate the distal end of the NG tube with a lubricant that is
1
- Water base
- Oil base
- Antiseptic base
- Paraffin base
42. If the Mechanism of injury (MOI) and initial survey indicates an unstable pelvis, it’s proper to place a sheet or blanket horizontally on the lower half of the backboard prior to moving the patient. What is the relevance of this to the management of the patient?
1
- To clean up blood if any
- To bind and stabilize the stretcher to the patient
- For Pelvic binding and stabilization
- To give warmth to the patient
43. Even though Heart attack can lead to Cardiac arrest, both don’t mean the same thing, because
1
- Both have the same origin
- Heart Attack is gunshot to the Heart and Cardiac arrest is not
- Cardiac Arrest is the trapping of the Cardiac Circle
- Heart Attack is a blockade and or eventual cessation of blood flow to certain heart muscle tissues, while Cardiac Arrest is the malfunction of the Cardiac electrical conduction system resulting in cessation of blood flow to all organs and tissues in the body
44. You are treating this diver who has a weeping wound under his arm pit. He deteriorates. Refer to the Obs Chart. What is happening?
1

CONTINUING CARE
- He is clinically dehydrated.
- He has Cardio-Genic Shock
- He has Septic Shock.
- He is having a stroke.
45. Complications of a rapid I.V. fluid resuscitation include:
1

ATLS
- Pulmonary odeama, haemo-dilution & increased bleeding risk.
- Embolic stroke
- Sudden cardiac arrest
- It's relatively safe. The fluid will be absorbed rapidly.
46. Medical Emergencies can happen to anyone, anytime in the following places except
1
- In the Hyperbaric Chamber
- Under fresh-water diving environment
- Under Sea-water diving environment
- None of the answers
47. What Vital Sign will alert you first in a casualty suffering from shock ?
1

ATLS
- A drop in Urine output.
- A drop in Blood Pressure
- A drop in Respiratory Rate
- A Capillary Refill Time ≥5 seconds
48. What are the signs of a tension pneumothorax ?
1

TENSION PNEUMOTHORAX
- Sudden Breathlessness
- Absence of breath sounds in affected lung
- Hyper-resonance on affected side, distended neck veins, shifting trachea & Signs of cardiovascular compromise.
- Pulmonary oedema & collapse shortly after a dive.
49. An air diver has rapidly ascended to the surface from 28m following a lift bag incident. He collapses shortly after exiting water. He has a seizure flops around on ground. What is he probably suffering from ?
1

ATLS
- P.A.G.E.
- C.A.G.E.
- Tension Pneumothorax
- Cerebral Oxygen Toxicity
50. What is the purpose of a venous tourniquet when cannulating or taking blood?
1

VASCULAR ACCESS
- The stop venous return. Engorge veins to aid vascular access.
- To minimise bleeding during vascular access process.
- To stop arterial & venous supply to aid vascular access process.
- To reduce microbial infection rate.

Back to My Account

1. Symptoms of CNS oxygen toxicity include;

2. A strong smell of rotten eggs that disappears quickly whilst well head diving is of no concern.

3. Finger tingling may be symptoms of hyperventilation

4. What is the correct Ratio for CPR.

5. How long is it safe to administer oxygen for ?

6. When should a B.M.V. (Bag & Mask Valve) be used ?

7. Is it safe to use the iGEL airway in a Hyperbaric environment.

8. The iGEL is a popular choice in pre-hospital emergency care. Which of these statement is correct:

9. Why is Pre-oxygenation used prior to intubation ?

10. Is sedation always necessary when intubating a casualty ?

11. What is the correct procedure for administering an Intra-Muscular Injection ?

12. The management of a compressible bleed is:

13. What is the appearance of an arterial bleed ?

14. The casualty has a catastrophic large limb haemorrhage

15. What is most likely to kill a casualty ?

16. What cannula choice is most appropriate in an emergency

17. Who can the Fast1 I.O. Device be used on ?

18. Neurogenic shock may be caused by:

19. Category 3 shock will present when the casualty has lost how much blood?

20. An Otoscope is a useful instrument for DMTs to view ?

21. What thing might NOT cause hypovolaemic shock

22. If you can only view 50% of the Tympanic Membrane, it is a state of an abnormality called

23. Trauma is best managed by a team approach. Which of the followings is not part of the Team members

24. Trauma is best managed by a team approach. Which of the followings is not part of the Team members

25. In a Mass Casualty Motor Vehicular Accident Scene, The unconscious patients should be tagged

26. In Mass Casualty Triage, anyone with a carotid pulse but without a peripheral pulse should be labeled

27. The most common cause of upper airway obstruction for an unconscious patient is

28. The most common type of DCI is:

29. As a DMT, you’re Catheterizing an adult male with a Foley’s Catheter, you should inflate the balloon with the recommended dose of 10 – 30 mls of

30. What percentage of DCI symptoms present within 3 hours?

31. What should you do if you need to use an AED on a Diver who had been submerged on Sea water?

32. You are a standby diver helping in Sat Control on a DSV. You suspect a diver decompressing in the chamber from a bounce dive has a pneumothorax, would you ?

33. A pneumothorax is caused by :

34. The Pulse Oximeter is a very useful tool to the DMT, It measures

35. I-Gel is an Airway adjunct with a low failure rate. Its

36. Where would you place a needle to treat a tension pneumothorax?

37. In a resuscitation Team, who is responsible for the initial attempt of an E.T. intubation.

38. The Laryngoscope is an instrument used to ease the insertion of which advanced airway adjunct?

39. What is barotrauma?

40. The site of intra muscular injection on the gluteal muscle is the

41. When inserting a naso-gastric tube, you should lubricate the distal end of the NG tube with a lubricant that is

42. If the Mechanism of injury (MOI) and initial survey indicates an unstable pelvis, it’s proper to place a sheet or blanket horizontally on the lower half of the backboard prior to moving the patient. What is the relevance of this to the management of the patient?

43. Even though Heart attack can lead to Cardiac arrest, both don’t mean the same thing, because

44. You are treating this diver who has a weeping wound under his arm pit. He deteriorates. Refer to the Obs Chart. What is happening?

45. Complications of a rapid I.V. fluid resuscitation include:

46. Medical Emergencies can happen to anyone, anytime in the following places except

47. What Vital Sign will alert you first in a casualty suffering from shock ?

48. What are the signs of a tension pneumothorax ?

49. An air diver has rapidly ascended to the surface from 28m following a lift bag incident. He collapses shortly after exiting water. He has a seizure flops around on ground. What is he probably suffering from ?

50. What is the purpose of a venous tourniquet when cannulating or taking blood?